Starter for explosive-engines



W. BOLLHEKMER.

STARTER FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 26. p919.

1,331,798. Patented Fb.24,1920.

' ent device is particularly also applicable to stationary engines. 15.

- of-operation of such devices,

lated and unlikely to UNITED STATES; PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM BOLLHEIMER, or DAYTON, 01110.

STARTER FOB EXlLOSIVE-ENGINES.

Specification of Letters 2mm.

Patented i i-2e24, 1920.

Application filed February 26,1919. Serial No. 279,372.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HEIMER, citizen of the United States, residing atDayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Starters for Explosive-Engines,of which the following is a specification. This invention relatestostarting or crankingdevices for explosive engines, comautomaticallyand instantly releasing the'actuatingelement, in the event of back fireor premature"explosion, at any mids'troke position of theactuatingelement.

A further object is to provide such a device which may be easily andquickly installed upon existing automobile or other explosive engines,without materially chang ing or modifying any of the parts thereof,

' A further ob ect is .to provide a-device which will impart to thecrank shaft of the engine a quick initial movement with'minimum effortof theoperator, and to provide improved means for automaticallydisengagingthe actuating element .at'the limit of its stroke in eitherdirection.

With the above primary and other incidental objects in view as will.more fully appear in the specification, the. invention consists of thefeatures .of construction, the parts and combinations thereof, -and themode of operation, or their equivalents, as hereinafter described andset forth. in the claims.

Referring to the "drawings,Figure 1' is a l the extended end ofthesleeve 8. Y

perspective view, somewhat diagrammatic, showing the relative locat onand arrangement of the parts of the. starting dev ce forming the subjectmatter hereof upon an automobile. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of thestarting mechanism. Fig. 3 is a rear eleration thereof. Fig; 4 is a sideelevation,

WILLIAM BOLL- vertical sectional view.

crank 5, which, however is 1 fan belt pulley channeled periphery viewedfrom the left ofFigt-Q. 5 is a Like parts are indicated by similarcharacters of reference throughout the several views.

In the drawingthe vehicle has been illustrated by dotted lines in Fig. 1in which l is the body of the vehicle, '2 the hood, 3' the radiator and4 the chassis Portions of the vehicle have been shown broken away todisclose within the starting apparatus forming the subject matterhereof. The starting apparatus is operated enframe bars.

tirely independent of the ausual starting left mounted in its. bearing6, ready for use in any emergency..

In applying-theapparatus to the motor of. a vehicle of the type shown inFig. 1, and

known asa Ford automobile-, the original found upon the engine shaft 18removed, and a sleeve 8 is substituted therefor. surrounding which I isa substitute fan belt pulley 9. The 'sleeve 8 is counterbored at itsinner end to receive the end of the engine crank shaft, beyond which thesleeve 8 extends. fan belt pulley 9 maybe secured tothe crank. shaft inany suitable manner, such The sleeve and substitute as by a transverse.pin 10. The sleeve 8jis 7 reduced in diameter a short distance forwardof the fan belt pulley.9.and at its forward extremity is provided with aseries of clutch teethill for engagement of the crank 5 for Fixedly.secured upon the emergency use. sleeve 8' and abutting upon the shoulderformed by the reduction of thediamcte'r of the sleeve is a ratchet wheel12. Loosely ournaled upon the projecting portion of the sleeve 8 andadjacent to the ratchet wheel 12- 1s an actuating member comprising ahub portion 13, a channeled rim 14: and an' arm 15 connecting the rimand hub portions.

The hub portion 13 has been shown pro 7 vided with a'bearing bushing 16..The actuator'is secured in position by a split ring or collar 17 sprunginto a peripheral groove in The actuator is oscillated about the sleeve8 by means of a flexible connection 18, which may ' the spring I lever22 located in proximity to the drivers position. The operating lever 22,may be either manual or pedal operated, and may be of any desiredconstructlon. That shown 1n Fig. 1 is one commonly employed for thispurpose. The preferred form of actuatingmechanism is that by which theactuating element is given a uniform impulse at each operation.

Pivoted to the rear side of the arm 15 of the actuating element is apawl 23, provided ywith'a spring 24, which normally tends to oscillatethe pawl 23 into engagementwith the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 12. Asshown in the drawing, the ratchet pawl 23 is somewhat triangular inform. 'It is obvious however, that this shape of the pawl is notessential. The pawl is .actuated by 24, into engagement with the ratchet12, at the beginning of the stroke of the actuator and is automaticallydisconnected from the ratchet 12 at the limit of suchstroke. To effectthis disengagement at either limit of the stroke of the actuating memberand also. at any intermediate POSI- tion, there is provided upon thispawl 23, a

projecting. stud carrying a roller 25, which extends into the plane ofoperation of an varcuate movable cam bar 26. The cam bar .26 ispreferably pivoted at 27 to any suitable support-such as the enginecasing, or'in'the case of the Ford engine, it may be attached to thetimer bracket, which is conveniently located .for this purpose. Thearcuate cam bar-at its free end rests upon the edge ofthe pan or guard,which extends beneath the crankshaft. ,Cam faces 28 and 29 are providedupon the outer or upper periphery of the arcuate cam bar 26, with whichthe antifriction roller 25,. carried .by the pawl 23, en-

gages at either limit of. its stroke, whereby .the, pawl 23 isoscillated about its pivotal connection 23* with the, arm 15, to thepawl from the ratchet 12.

disengage This serves to automatically disengage the pawl at.eitherilimit ofits stroke, and to holdthe I {pawl outof engagement withthe ratchet between'successive operations;

One of the primary objections to starters of this type heretoforedevised has been the danger and the breakage of parts incident 'toa.premature explosion, or backfire of the .engine, whereby the motor crankshaft is rotated in reverse direction, or in opposition to the movementof the starter while the latter is engaged therewith. To overcome thisdifficulty, means are hereinprovided for automatically disengaging thepawl 23 from the ratchet 12 at any'midstroke point in'the event of anysuch premature explosion or the reversal of the direction of rotation ofthe motor shaft. To this end the cam lever 26 is provided with aniupwardextending fixed arm 30 adjacent "to its free end,.to which fixed arm, 30is as the ratchet is rotated forwardly with the ratchet wheel 12;

.sion or backfire, whereby :arm about its pivotal, connection 31%against the tension ofv a spring34 to likewise with draw thedetentfinger 33 fromsengagement The operated position of the pawl 23 and. theswinging arm is shown bydotted lines in Fig. 3. In the .event however-ofa prematureexplothe crank shaft of'the motor: andthe ratchet wheel 12carried thereby, are rotated in a reverse direction the ratchet wheel 12.by the engagepivotal connection 27 causing. the I curvilinearface ofthe bar intermediate the cam faces 28 and 29"to engage the anti-frictionroller 25, of the pawl 23,. at any mid-stroke vment of the detent finger33therewith, tends to-elevatethe arcuate cam bar 26 about its positionatwhichthe pawlmaybe found. at

the momentof backfire, and so liftthe pawl 23 against the tension ofitsspring24, .out of engagement with the ratchetzqwheel 12. A .stop. lug35, carried by the, swinging cam bar 26, serves tolimitthe movement ofthe swinging 3113111131 toward the ratchet wheel .12, under theinfluence of the spring 34. vPAs the cam b-ar ;26-is'elevatedundertheinfluence of the detent finger 33,

ing. the actuating pawl 23, the. actuating .element Wllll advance idly,immediately to its forward position, .whereupon "the engage :ment ofztheanti-friction. roller125 with the a cam faces 29...and;32, willautomatically disengageand .hold .both the detent finger 33 and theactuating pawl 23, out of engagementwith'theratchet wheel 12. Thisdisengaging movement occurs instantaneousl xuponthe-reversaliof theratchet l2. The

ratchetil2. by its reversemovement elevates the intermediate portion ofthe cam bar 2 6 into the path of theroller 25, thus freeing 7 :uponreverse rotation of the ratchet 12,'thereby disengagthe pawl 23, andpermitting-the actuator to advance instantly to the limit of its;stroke, thereby freeing. the. detent finger '33, thus preventing[breakage of the pawls or the ratchet teeth and avoiding the. danger.incident-to the violent projection of the operativelever 22 rearward ortoward the'operatorjwhile the operators hand or foot is engagedtherewith.

Fromtheabove description it will be app1 ass 1,798

parent that thereis thus-provided adevice. of the character described,possessing the particular features o'fjadvantage before enu merated asdesirable but which, obviously, is

susceptible of modification in its form, proportions, detailconstruction and arrangement of parts,

advantages.

While in order tocomply with the statute, the invention has beendescribed in language;

the legitimate and valid scope of the .ap-

pended claims.

Having thus claim: 7

1. A starter for internal combustion enines wherein a. ratchet wheeloperatively :onnected with the crank shaft of the endescribed myinvention I gine is intermittently engaged by a pawl' carried by anoscillatory carrier to which an oscillatory movement is given bysuitable operatlng means, characterized by an arcuate movable barnormally positioned concentric with the path of travel of the pawl andmeans operated by the reversal of direction of rotation of the shaft tomove the arcuate bar to eccentric position in the path of travel of thepawl for automatically disengaging.

said pawl at any point in the strokeof said carrier upon a reversemovement of the engine shaft.

2.'A starter for internal combustion mo tors of that character embodyinga ratchet operatively connected with the crank shaft of the motor, anoscillatory pawl carrier mounted adjacent to the ratchet, a pawl carriedthereby and arrangedto engage the teeth of the ratchet and an operatingelement for the pawl carrier, characterized by a cam bar extendingbetween the limits of the stroke of said pawl and having cam surfacesthereon engaged by the pawl at either limit of its stroke whereby thepawl is disengaged from the ratchet.

3. A starter for nternal combustion motors comprlsmg, a ratchetoperatively con-- nected with the motor shaft, an oscillatory pawlcarrier mounted adjacent thereto, a

pawl carried thereby and adapted to opera tively enga e with saidratchet, means for oscillating the carrier, a normally stationary tripmember and means operated by the of the direction of rotation of the apawl carried by an oscillatory pawlcarrier actuated at the will of theoperator,characterized by asingle disengaging member hav-f reversalshaft to actuate the trip member for disconnecting the pawl fromtheratchet at indeterminate points in its path of travel. I

4. A starter for internal combustion en without departing from theprinciple involved or sacrificing any of-its- "ratchet for shifting thedisengaging gines wherein a ratchet; operatively connected with themotor shaft is operated by a pawl carried by an oscillatory pawl carrieractuated at the will of the operator, characterized. by. a normallystationary cam .member movable into the pathof travelof the pawl fordisengaging theactuatingpawl at anymid; stroke positionby the reverseoperation of the motor.

. 5; A-nstfarter for internal combustionengi nes,-. =wherein a ratchetoperatively con- 1 1ectedQWiththe motor shaft is operated by@apawlqcarried by an oscillatorypawl car rier' actuated at the will ofthe operator,

characterized by a pawl disengaging element normally inoperative todisengage the pawl in mid stroke position, a second pawl carried therebyenga ing said ratchet and adapted upon reversa of the normal directionof movement of the ratchet to move said disengaging element to operativeposition. v r

6. A starter for internal explosive enines wherein a ratchet operativelyconiiected with the engine shaft is operated by apawl carried by anoscillatory pawl carrier actuated at the will of the operator,characterized by a normally stationary disengaging element, adapted todisengage the pawl at either limit of. its stroke, and means toautomatically shift said disengaging ele ment to effect thedisengagement of the pawl in amid stroke position.

7. A starter for lnternal combustionengines wherein a ratchetoperatively connected with the engine shaft is operated by a pawlcarried by an oscillatory pawl carrier actuated at the will of theoperator,

characterized by a second pawl also engageable with said ratchet fromwhich it is disengaged upon movement of the ratchet in one direction,the second mentioned pawl being adapted to effect the disengagement ofthe first mentioned pawl upon areverse movement of the ratchet.

8. A starter for internal combustion enines wherein a ratchetoperatively coni iected with the engine shaft is operated by a pawlcarried by an oscillatory pawl carrier actuated at the will of theoperator,

characterized by a movable pawl disengaging element normally positionedout of the mid stroke path of travel of the pawl, and

means controlled by the movement of the element into the mid-stroke pathof the awl whereby the pawl will be disengaged rom the ratchet.

9. A starter for internal combustion engines wherein a ratchetoperatively connected with the engine shaft is operated by ing thereoncam faces pro ecting into the from't-he ratchet, a second pawl carriedby ment with the ratchet.

path of travel of the-pawl at either limit of its -stroke adapted uponengagement by said pawl to lift the pawl out'of engagelO. A starter forinternal combustion en- 7 gines wherein, a ratchet operativelyconcharacterizedby apivoted lever havmg cam faces; thereon engaged bysaid pa wl'at either.

limit of its stroke to disengagethe pawl said lever and engaging'saidratchet where by upon a reverse m'ovement of the ratchet the lever willbe oscillated-to disengage the first mentioned-pawl at a mid strokeposition.

In testimony whereof, I V have hereunto set my handvthifs -1919. r

-WILLIAM BOLLI-IEIMER.

Witnesses'r EWIVLLIAM-Y'A. -SWA-NEY, M. E. -HQDDERFIELD.

11th :dayqof F ebrnary A. D. 20

